The Value of Human Life in the Poems To His coy Mistressby Andrew Essay

The Value of Human Life in the Poems To His coy Mistressby Andrew Marvel and Out, Out by Robert Frost - Essay Example Both poems show that human life has less value than the reader might wish to think, Marvell’s poem by showing that the woman only has value as long as she is beautiful and Frost’s because he shows that the death of the boy has little effect on the continuation of life. The poem â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† love poem written with the idea that the woman he desires is not letting him close enough to her. The narrator desires her and wants to have sex with her, but she is not letting him. He tells her all of the wonderful ways in which he sees her. Yet, the beauty that she has he know will fade and be lost to them, He wants to consummate their lust for one another before she has aged and no longer has the desires of her youth. His first lines provide his first argument as to why she should not be coy. He states â€Å"Had we but world enough, and time,/This coyness, lady, were no crime† suggesting that by being coy she is not committing a crime. In order to woe her, however, he discusses all the way that time would give him to praise her beauty and wait for her to give in to him. In the second verse, however, he shows that he does not have the time to praise her beauty the way that he would want to do it. ... thers both his devaluation of the woman and his argument why she should give into his lust by saying â€Å"Now therefore, while the youthful hue/ Sits on thy skin like morning dew,† describing her through references to the fresh dew of the morning. He his argument by saying â€Å"Thus, though we cannot make our sun/ Stand still, yet we will make him run†, showing that the sun will dry the dew from her beauty as well as using the sun to show the passage of time. Andrew Marvell tells in his poem that time will take away the value that the object of his desire holds. He shows that she is without any other value to him than that which her physical beauty gives. Frost shows a similar message in his poem, although he gives honor to the one who is the object of that poem. Frost sets up a story within his poem of a boy who has a terrible accident. He shows how quickly everything can turn from being normal towards a terrible event. The narrative is the story of a saw that cuts t he boy’s hand, his approximate age indicated by the lines â€Å"Then the boy saw all - /Since he was old enough to know, big boy/ Doing a man's work, though a child at heart –â€Å". In this poem, the individual is valued. The narrator of the poem shows sentiment towards the boy, his words â€Å"Call it a day, I wish they might have said/ To please the boy by giving him the half hour/ That a boy counts so much when saved from work† suggesting that he wanted him to have a good experience. Of course, what happens next is terrible and the narrator describes the event by personifying the saw. The say cuts the boys hand. By writing phrases like â€Å"The buzz saw snarled and rattled in the yard† which suggested that the buzz saw was an aggressive and alive thing, and through saying â€Å"As if it meant to prove saws

Employee Training and Management Essay Example for Free

Employee Training and Management Essay It is healthy for the operation of the business to have, although not that frequent, an evaluation of our co-employee/s for the betterment of the organization as a whole. With this, the company could attain its goals with fewer hindrances and achieve impressive growth in a shorter period of time. This paper aims to have a Coaching and Performance Improvement Analysis to my CEO, to whom I work as a secretary, in order to provide us with facts on how our CEO influence his subordinates as well as on the manner he fulfill his duties in the company. I have been a secretary to the CEO in our company for about ten years and I think that span of staying here is enough for me to give criticism or opinion regarding the professionalism of my bosses with regards to performing his duties and responsibilities. The current CEO of the company has been in his position for about 6 months. Since he is the one responsible for almost all of the operational details of the company, it is a must for us to know how competitive he is. The future of the company depends on him and any incompetence could lead to any losses not only to the company but as well as to the employees. During the recent months, the company has been experiencing down turns in the sales and profits. Even if the various units of the company are doing their job well, still, our target market continuous declines every single day. After conducting the investigation, the company officials found out that the problem boils down to the office of the CEO. The specific problem would be the CEO of the company took a couple of time planning for the instructions that must be given to the various units of the company as well as forwarding them to the vice-presidents of various units. Basically, the officers of the various units know the problem exists that is why they conducted an investigation to pin point the root of the problem. They also know the performance expectation that a CEO must fulfill in order to lead such complex company that covers wide operational services. This action caused delays in the daily operation of the business, thus, made the customers disappointed with the current performance of the company which before leads the market with providing delivery services to most of the cities in America. There are no hindrances outside the organization/team’s control that affects the performance of the CEO. Coaching Analysis Flow Chart This flow chart is being used as a strategic tool used to find out if we have to proceed in the performance improvement process and to identify the extent to which we can proceed in the performance improvement process. This is being used mainly to assist in the performance improvement process (Brocato). I believe that the problem is worth solving at since it already concerns the future of the business with regards to its performance to the market. The CEO of any company is the one that is responsible for the delicate operations aspects of the business and the source of most of the decisions that should be done by various units in order to achieve their goals and growth to have market stability. If this problem would not be solve, there will come a time wherein customers would no longer avail the services of the company, thus, could cause much more problem to the company. The competition now a day in the industry of delivery services is very tight due to the profitability in this type of business. Companies such as UPS and DHL are just a few of the threats to the company that needed much attention. With this, there is no room for any errors or incompetence on the part of any members of the company. Stockholder of the company could pull out their shares due to the risks involving the stability of the organization. It is much better it this problem would be treated right away so as to avoid any further complications and losses. The postponement in the imposition of the CEO with the specific plans per unit of the business cause delays in the operational process of the organization as a whole, specifically, the plan for the imposition of new delivery strategies to compete with the emerging delivery companies in the market. As based from the behavior of the market for the past years, they tend to easily shift their loyalty to those companies that can offer services that conform to their needs and type of living (Killoran). In short, innovative products’ are the one that gains market acceptance. Therefore, it is a must for the company to be on time with the delicate operational aspects of the organization so as not to be over shadowed by other companies belonging to the same industry. Every step in the operational process is important and requires constant observation on the part of the CEO so as to have a basis in conducting plans and strategies for the company. Therefore, it is a must to have a competitive and efficient CEO for the company to achieve their goals and stability in the market. The CEO fails to make new strategy regarding the imposition of an innovative delivery strategy that would attract more customers. The only reason that I can see here for the incompetence of the new CEO is his lack of experience. Six months in the position would not be enough for him to familiarize himself with the regular operations of the business and on what is the market trend in the economy. The CEO of the company also did become extra confident with the market status of the company during the years before his assume the position of being the CEO. Because of this, he was not able to maintain the stability of the company and only cause chaos in the financial as well as to the sales of the company. Stockholders panicked because of the undertakings of the CEO as well as his performance with regards to performing its functions well. We can now see the effect of having an incompetent person handling a very delicate position of in an organization. The stake of the stockholders, employees and the clients that put their trust to the company for many years is in danger. With regards to the job structure of the organization, I believe that his roles and involvement to various aspects of operations has contributed to his inefficiency as the top manager of the organization. I believe that he is not yet ready to shoulder many responsibilities and must delegate some task to middle and lower level managers. His role as the main icon of the organization requires him to appear in public to represent the whole organization could also be a contributing factor for him not to finish his responsibilities well. During the recent months, he had to travel to some places in America to generate additional stockholder to finance the plan of expanding the company into some states in America. With this, he spends less time in his office while the employees of the organization wait for the next step that they will do. This is one of the disadvantages of an organization that relies most on their CEO; they lack initiatives to make suggestions for their respective areas of concern so as to lessen the responsibility of their top manager. Moreover, having initiative to plan for the welfare of the middle managers area of concern helps they develop their abilities since they have to use their creativity in making strategies and decisions. If they only follow the command of the CEO and not suggesting other strategies with which they think more beneficial than with the plan of the CEO, then, the organization would really become stagnant and can be considered as a â€Å"one-man-team† organization. As for the managerial behavior, the CEO of the organization lacks the ability to encourage his subordinates to use their creativity to make plans regarding some small aspects of the operation of the business. With this, the responsibility of the CEO would be lessened and can now concentrate to more delicate aspects of the operation of the organization. On the subject of the personality of the CEO towards the fulfillment of his responsibilities, I think, this overconfidence regarding the organization has leaded the company to this problematic situation. Because of this personality of the CEO, his concentration towards the attainment of the organizational goal is not that enough for the customers avail our services. Regarding the question on whether the proposed solution of delegating some responsibilities to lower and middle level managers, I think that it would only costs less time and money since the implementation of this strategy will only affect a small part of the time of those managers. Besides, they are the one must know what is happening in their area of concern, thus, they have most of the information as compared to the CEO of the company. With this solution, the problem can be addressed and would only take a few weeks to experience the positive effects to the company. Proposed Solution For the CEO to have enough time to concentrate to those more delicate aspects of the organization, he should pass some of the planning responsibility to the various units of the company (Jackson). For instance, the problem regarding the marketing strategy of the organization, the CEO could assign the vice president to marketing of the company to deals the said problem since the said person has more knowledge with regards to conducting market analysis and has more experience regarding capturing the tastes of their target customers. This solution need not to conduct any trainings or could cause much costs to the company since this solution only delegates the tasks that is intended to each units of the organization. This solution would also develop the sense of creativity of the middle and lower level managers since they have to think unique strategy and plans so as to gain large share of market in the industry. This will also help them boost their morale since they will start to feel that they are important in the organization and has a part in attaining their goals and targets in the whole operational process.

College Admissions Essay - The Search for Truth :: College Admissions Essays

College Admissions Essay - The Search for Truth    Whoever said that we were supposed to take everything on faith? Not God, that's for certain. He's always told us to try it for ourselves, and see if it makes our lives better. I'll never forget the day my high school chemistry teacher had a nervous breakdown because he tried to understand a universe where there was no God, whatsoever. (That is true, to my knowledge, by the way.)    I've always been surprised how much faith people put in science, though. Many of the greatest scientists believed in God, and my speculation as to why, is that those scientists knew just how amazing it was that they could discover an equation to measure gravity, or one that made energy and matter that same. People, of course, had no idea what they had on their hands and worship it today as if it were God. Those scientists knew very well, after all their work, that any theory they produced was only awaiting its demise. The values that when put to the test, would prove it wrong. And then they'd find their mistake and fix it.    People have made something of a religion out of science these days. People treat it as a burden, rather than the enlightenment it is, but they also treat those far advanced in it, as infallible and beyond mortal ken. Not so bad as the inquisition days, believe you me! But the Inquisition really only went underground, to explode again as science, this time trying to kill faith instead of logic. Luckily, the new inquisition only condemns people to a life of fear and hate, instead of religious bigotry, or even real religion, like being nice.

Beowulf vs. The 13th Warrior Essay example -- Compare Contrast Beowulf

I have closely compared aspects of Beowulf with the film, â€Å"The 13th Warrior†. Beowulf, written down by an unnamed Christian Monk in the 18th century, served as framework for the plot of â€Å"The 13th Warrior†. Beowulf and The 13th Warrior have extensive differences and even more similarities throughout the two stories. The film was made to actually show the different aspects, techniques, and ways of thinking that the people of medieval times thought. It also helps to put you into a better perspective on what the story â€Å"Beowulf† was like. Even thought the two stories are not exactly the same, they still stand together making a great mark in history. Instead of having a completely perfect fabricated movie of the epic story Beowulf, the story was transformed into a collage of similarities. There are a few scenes in â€Å"The 13th Warrior† that are comparable to scenes in Beowulf. Such as, Ahmed and his men were attacked by the cannibalistic warriors in the in the large hut; and they had fought for their lives trying to defeat the leader of the pack, forcing the cannibals back to their caves where they arose. This scene is synonymous to the story of â€Å"Beowulf† when Beowulf himself, had defeated the almighty Grendal in the mead-hall. Grendal had fallen and fled back towards the lake of hell where he should stay till the end of time. Furthermore, are the next consequential scenes where Beowulf is asked to got to the home of Grendals mother, and slay her just as he did to Grendle. In â€Å"T...

Case 5-2: Lexsteel Corporation

What should the controller of Lexsteel do in order to address the potential problems within the corporation? †¢The controller became aware of the potential problems with the accounts payable system because of the discussion made with the external auditors. †¢Each branch manager is given the authority to order materials and issue emergency purchase orders directly to the vendors. †¢Physical counts of raw materials are not performed since there is a cost-effective computerized perpetual inventory system. †¢COMPUTER RESOURCES: The host computer mainframe at corporate headquarters is linked to the computers at each branch locations. Data transmission occurs between leased telephone lines between host computer and branch offices wherein it is maintained in an integrated database. The software also allows flexibility for managing user access and editing data input meaning there is no control over the software for it allows data editing without the proper authorization given. †¢PURCHASING PROCEDURES: The production orders and appropriate bills of materials needed are generated by the host computer at corporate headquarters. While the purchase orders for raw materials are generated by the purchasing function and is mailed to the vendors which contain an instruction to the vendor that the materials should be directly delivered to the manufacturing plant. There is a control between the generation of production orders needed and the purchase orders issued to the vendor but it is not an exception in the occurrence of fraud. At receipt, the manufacturing plant examines and verifies the count against the packing slip and transmits the receiving data to the accounts payable at corporate headquarters. Even though there is a proper segregation between custody and recording, still fraud may occur because of collusion. Also, each branch manager is given the authority to order materials and issue emergency purchase orders directly to the vendors. Fraud may also occur if collusion will be made by the branch manager and the vendor, with that proper control is a must. Since the company employs a cost effective computerized perpetual inventory system, physical counts of raw materials are not performed. With that, the generation of production orders and purchase orders may be deceived because the count of raw materials that are needed are not matched with the proper physical count on its ending inventory. †¢ACCOUNTS PAYABLE PROCEDURES: Vendor invoices are mailed directly to the corporate headquarters and entered by the accounts payable personnel when received. This often occurs before the branch offices transmit the receiving data so the recorded vendor invoices are not properly matched with the receiving report. Uncertainties of amount may exist. The checks and the payment listings are made by the accounts payable function and are transmitted to the treasurer’s office for signature and mailing to the payee. After validation, payment listings are returned to the accounts payable section for filing. In here, there is no proper control in the preparation and validation of checks and payment listings for the verification of it is not done which may result into collusion and creation of dummy payee made by the treasurer’s office and the accounts payable function.

Educational Games for Children to Play Essay Example

Educational Games for Children to Play Essay Example Educational Games for Children to Play Essay Educational Games for Children to Play Essay Education and the process of learning is something that begins at home for children. Parents naturally want their children to do well in school, but this desire often clashes with other adult priorities (parents also want their children to be active and learn new hobbies), not to mention the children’s own to-do lists. There’s only so long a youngster is willing to do homework or read, before wanting to run off and do something a bit more fun. Not to worry! Here are some ideas for taking education out of a formal setting and making it enjoyable, through the medium of play. These are games for kids with an element of simple learning. Even better, your child won’t be sitting in front of a computer screen with these fun activities. Mathematics Games A fun mathematical challenge to play outside in the park would be to create a â€Å"fraction wall† using sticks. The first row of the wall is a whole stick, the row below it must be exactly the same length†¦but be composed of 2 sticks, the row below is composed of 3 sticks, etc. This game can be done in teams – perhaps racing to construct the best fraction wall in the fastest time. This can help children to visualise what fractions such as 1/2 or 2/3s look like. There are also a lot of mathematically-themed board or card games available for children of all ages. Some revolve around multiplication, others around addition. The advantage of sitting down at the kitchen table to play a maths game rather than hunting for online ones is that in addition to maths, your child will be learning important lessons about teamwork and social interaction. Language Games â€Å"Jumping Bean Phonics† is ideal for children just beginning school who are still learning the basics of reading and writing. This game can be played in small groups indoors. A number of simple, but common word endings (for example –ot, –og, –at) are written onto sheets of paper and laid out over the floor. The adult supervising the game has a set of cards each with a letter (for example h–, c–, l–). Each child gets a turn at being the â€Å"jumping bean†: when they are told their first letter they have to form as many correct words as they can in a given amount of time by jumping onto the particular ending card. So, if they were given the letter ‘m’, they could jump onto ‘–at’ to make ‘mat’; but jumping onto ‘–og’ wouldn’t count, because ‘mog’ isn’t a proper English word. At the end of the game, whoever has formed the most words in their allotted time wins. Science Games There are a lot of safe, easy experiments that children can perform at home which showcase the wonders of science and give them the opportunity to learn something interesting. One such challenge might be designing a parachute that lowers an object safely to the ground. But budding biologists can learn a lot about types of plants just by playing in their local park. Treasure hunt clues might guide a child around a natural space by identifying species of tree, or part of the challenge could be bringing back leaves from a particular plant in a certain amount of time. Education and knowledge aren’t just something that’s confined to the classroom or that has to be taught in a dull way. A passion for learning can be instilled just as effectively at home through games, playing outdoors, and having lots of fun.

Adventure around Bangalore Essays

Adventure around Bangalore Essays Adventure around Bangalore Essay Adventure around Bangalore Essay Adventure around Bangalore brief about the topographic points around bangalore where adv activities are possible If one is used to the Bangalore s feverish life one longs to travel to some topographic point which is off from the hustle hustle of the metropolis. The good intelligence is that there rather a few finishs near Bangalore which are frequented by escapade lovers on weekends. Sawan Durga Durga is Fort in Kannada. Savana Durga is one of the nine such garrisons around Bangalore. It is located about 50 km West of Bangalore really near to Magadi. It is dedicated to Goddess Amba. This topographic point is besides important because it has the highest monolith in the full Asia. The monolith rises more than 1000 pess. Merely at its base is a small town named after it. A forest surrounds it and it has been declared as a reserved wood. The topographic point besides has a protected garden of herbs. Stakes clip to see this topographic point is between the months of November to April. Talakad or Talkakadu Talakad lies on the left bank of the river Cauvery. The most important topographic point of tourer involvement is a fourth century temple called Vaideshwara temple. This temple ballad sunken underneath the river bed for several old ages until it was restored to its original province after digging. This topographic point has sand dunes spread all across the part. Every 12 old ages the town comes alive during Panchalinga Darshana which is a gay season. The best clip to come here is anytime of the year.A Shivasamudram ( Shimsha Falls ) If one is wishing for a individual twenty-four hours or a weekend pickup Shivanasamudram can be an ideal choice.A This topographic point is where Cauvery splits into haf and gives rise to two stupefying waterfalls. They ar gaganchukki and barachukki falls. Gaganchukki is situated really near to a dargah. Reaching here is hazardous and swimming even more as the deepness of H2O is unknown and the way is laid with slippery stones. A really short distance off from dargah is Barachukki falls. A really hasty stairway is made out of stones here and a deep pool of H2O is formed here. At the Barachukki falls, coriacle drives are run for a mere Rs. 10. Galibore Situated rather close to Bheemeshwari, Galibore is merely 95 kilometers from Bangalore.It can be a campers site and it has been used extensively for bivouacing earlier. There are legion Terminalia trees here which create the wilderness consequence. There is besides a river here which creates a superb landscape merely like in the pictures. The hills environing the topographic point attention deficit disorder to the already beautiful region.A Wildlife lovers come here often to watch wild elephants drink from the lake and play around every bit good. There are opportunities of spottingA crocodiles, polo-necks and birds of different assortments. Ranganthitu Bird Sanctuary and Balmuri Falls This sanctuary is a superb field day topographic point for households and friends. This is an island made near the Cauvery River near to Srirangapatna which is wehre all the migratory birds come and breed. The site of these birds is one to taste. The activities that are carried out here are boat Tourss which are guided by Texas Ranger ushers. They are a nice manner of detecting birds, otters, chiropterans and crocodiles. The best clip to make a unit of ammunition of this topographic point is between the months of July September. December is when the birds migrate so this is the best clip to come this place.A At Ranganthitu sanctuary, Balmuri Falls are the premier attractive force. Part of a adult male made reservoir, these falls are non precisely one would conceive of ; wild, immense and spurting. They are elusive and when can sit under them easy. Its when 1 is underneath them that is the clip one truly enjoys. The best clip to see this topographic point is in the winters when the H2O in the river is considerable plenty for one to hold soft showers.A Bheemeshwari Bheemeshwari is a hot front-runner as a weekend finish around Bangalore. It besides happens to be popular amongst people who love fishing for Mahseer.A People come here for the sheer love of fishing. One can even angle here. One gets to set up at bungalows built which are epicurean, comfy, built to accommodate a traveler s comfort. There is a Shiva temple besides this topographic point which can be visited during the stay here. Other nearby topographic points to spy see are Sangam, Mekedaatu Waterfalls and besides the Simsha Waterfalls. These are besides topographic points where one can trek to.A Doddamakali Situated 6 kilometer from Bheemeshwari, this beautiful part is a dainty to one s senses. The farness of the topographic point has kept the nature spotless. The topographic point is placid and really peaceable. If one wishes to come here it is necessary to cognize that the remaining installation if limited. The topographic point is aprrox 50 kilometer from Bangalore on the NH 4 highway.A

Corporate Strategies to Hedge Commodity Price Risks Applying Derivatives Essay Example

Corporate Strategies to Hedge Commodity Price Risks Applying Derivatives Essay Example Corporate Strategies to Hedge Commodity Price Risks Applying Derivatives Essay Corporate Strategies to Hedge Commodity Price Risks Applying Derivatives Essay Table of contents List of abbreviationsIII List of figuresIII List of tablesIII 1Introduction1 1. 1Problem and objective1 1. 2Structure of this paper1 2Background Information2 2. 1Definitions of fundamental terms2 2. 2Commodity price risk in different firms2 3Explanation of derivatives3 3. 1Options3 3. 2Futures4 3. 3Forwards6 3. 4Swaps6 4Hedging strategies with derivatives7 4. 1Hedging with options7 4. 2Hedging with futures7 4. 3Hedging with forwards8 4. 4Hedging with swaps8 5Pros and cons of hedging strategies with derivatives8 5. 1Pros and cons of options9 5. Pros and cons of futures9 5. 3Pros and cons of forwards10 5. 4Pros and cons of swaps10 6Practical example of corporate commodity price risk hedging10 6. 1Introduction on firms practical hedging strategy10 6. 2Analysis on this strategy11 7Summary12 Appendix13 Appendix 1: Amounts outstanding of over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives by risk category and instrument- - in billions of US dollar13 Appendix 2: Derivatives financial instr uments traded on organized exchanges by instrument and location- - in billions of US dollar14 Bibliography15 Internet Source16 List of abbreviations CHClearing House IMInitial Margin MBMargin Balance MM NMaintenance Margin No OTCOver The Count VM YVariation Margin Yes List of figures Figure 1: Structure of this paper2 Figure 2: P of each option position4 Figure 3: Flow chart of marking-to-market process5 Figure 4: P of each future position6 Figure 5: Hedging model on fuel oil of Air China11 List of tables Table 1: Summary for 4 option positions4 Table 2: Summary for future positions6 Table 3: Summary for 4 derivatives9 1Introduction 1. 1Problem and objective The risk of commodity price is a ferocious topic in corporate operation. Corporate profit is equal to total revenue minus total cost. For firms, because of the high volatility on commodity price, their inputs and outputs relating to commodity are unpredictable. As a consequence corporate profit will be immensely volatile, which will possibly lead the firm to go bankruptcy if no any preventive actions are taken. For example, producers of commodities probably need to assume unexpected losses, when the price of outputs goes down or the price of necessary raw materials goes up. The situations are similar to wholesale buyers, retailers, exporters and even governments. Volatility of commodities price has great impacts on corporate daily operation. The objective of this term paper is to introduce derivative hedging strategies for corporate managers to reduce or even eliminate future unpredictability, mainly from the perspectives of the role commodity price risks play, what the typical derivative instruments are, where and how to apply these different derivatives in terms of hedging principles thereof, and both advantages and disadvantages when applying each derivative in real business transactions. 1. Structure of this paper Firstly, this term paper highlights problems existing in real world. Secondly, it introduces advanced derivatives theory that can be applied to solve these problems. Thirdly, specific details on the theory will be presented, including explanation, application, as well as pros and cons of each derivative instrument. Then, an example is analyzed to show how companies apply derivatives to hedge commodity risks practically. Last is a summary of this term paper. Following figure shows the body of this paper. 2Background Information 2. Definitions of fundamental terms In financial markets derivative is a contract or security whose value is derived from the value of other more basic underlying variables . One of its most important functions is hedging. In corporate operation, hedging is to secure the companies against potential loss caused by variable risks that arise in international market, such as the commodity price risks. In this paper, commodity means any tangible goods or raw materials that may be sold or traded in the markets, such as energy, gold, or agricultural products. 2. Commodity price risk in different firms Volatility of commodities price influences firms’ daily operation significantly. Producers of commodities, such as farms, oil producers, mining companies, face price risk on output. Wholesalers and retailers, face price risk during the time period from buying from suppliers and selling to customers. Exporters, face the same price risk as well as currency exchange risk. And governments face price and yield risks generating from tax revenues that depend on firms’ operational conditions. 3Explanation of derivatives Derivatives are traded in exchange-traded markets and over-the-counter markets. (See recent derivatives transaction status in appendix 1 and appendix 2. ) Notably, exchange-traded derivatives are default risk free and liquid. However over-the-counter traded derivatives are the opposite. 3. 1Options An option is the contract that gives the buyer the right but not obligation to buy (call option) or sell (put option) an underlying asset at a predetermined price (exercise price) for certain quantity during a fixed period of time (maturity). The buyer of the option pays a particular amount of money (option premium) to the seller to buy a right whereby he can decide whether or not to exercise this option, simultaneously the seller has the obligation to perform if the buyer exercises the option. European options only can be exercised on expiration day, and American options can be exercised at any time before maturity. The buyer of the call option is named long call, while the seller of the call option is named short call. Similarly, the buyer of the put option is named long put, while the seller of the put option is named short put. In commodity market, underlying of commodity option is a commodity, such as oil, wheat, or gold. Commodity options are both exchanges-traded and OTC traded. Following figure shows P of each option. Following table is the summary for these 4 option positions. Table 1: Summary for 4 option positions Market price expectationMaximum profitMaximum lossBreakeven point Long callupunlimitedoption premiumexercise price + option premium Short calldown or stableoption premiumunlimitedexercise price + option premium Long putdownexercise price option premiumoption premiumexercise price option premium Short putup or stableoption remiumexercise price option premiumexercise price option premium Source: author’s own. 3. 2Futures A future is a contract between two parties to buy or sell a specified amount of asset at a specified time period in the future for a certain price. Normally there are two types of futures, commodity futures whose underlying are commodities and financial futures who se underlying are financial assets. They are highly standardized, regulated, and traded in exchange markets with highly liquid and default risk free property. Because of the marking-to-market process, at maturity the settling price is the spot price at expiration date with profit gaining or loss paying from a margin account, which indirectly makes the effective bargain price equal to the predetermined price in the future contract. Notably, to ensure high liquidity of futures, marking-to-market process plays a significant role. The following figure shows the marking-to-market process. Generally there are two alternative ways at maturity to settle futures, either by cash or by actual delivery of underlying, which is clearly defined by futures exchange. Following figure and table show the details of a future. Table 2: Summary for future positions ?Maximum profitMaximum lossBreakeven point Long positionunlimitedexercise pricespot price + cost of carry Short positionexercise priceunlimitedspot price + cost of carry Source: author’s own. 3. 3Forwards A forward contract is a customized and over-the-counter agreement to buy or sell an asset at a specified time in the future for a specified price, where a long position has the obligation to buy and a short position has the obligation to sell. Compared with futures, no marking-to-market process are required. Counterparties can negotiate with each about the parameters of the contract. As a result, a firm who wants to make forward contract needs to find the counterparty by itself. 3. 4Swaps A swap is a customized and over-the-counter agreement to exchange a series of specified assets periodically in the future. Normally the counterparties of a swap contract are a large institution such as a bank and a company. Basically, we can view a swap as a complicated forward. Except currency swaps, counterparties just need to pay the differences between the cash flow they should exchange. Because swaps are bespoken as a result they are less liquid. There are commodity swaps, interest rate swaps and currency swaps. Interest rate swaps is an agreement of two counterparties to change fixed interest and floating interest on predefined nominal principal in the future periodically. Commodity swaps normally vary tremendously among different markets. In a currency swap, counterparties change same value of different currencies in inception and termination, where the exchange rate of the tow currencies depends on the negotiation of counterparties. 4Hedging strategies with derivatives This chapter will focus on the principles of hedging strategies on commodities. . 1Hedging with options If a trader wants to procure a commodity with high volatile price, he can buy a commodity call option to hedge the price risk of going up. Similarly, if a company wants to sell a commodity product, it can buy a long put to hedge the price risk of going down. In practice, because investors want to bet more precisely on the future price of the underlying, an d hedgers with long positions want to save option premiums, a few combinations of options come out, such as a long call and a short put with identical parameters except the different strike price. 4. 2Hedging with futures When the objective of a commodity trader wants to neutralize the price risk as far as possible, usually he will choose to take a position on a future on commodity. A hedger who already owns a commodity asset or doesn‘t own right now but will at some future time expecting to sell it in the future without assuming any price risk, he can apple future hedging strategy to enter into a short position to become a short. Likewise, a hedger who has to buy a certain commodity asset in the future and wants to lock in spot price immediately, he can apply a future to enter into a long position to become a long. . 3Hedging with forwards The principles of hedging strategy with forwards are similar with futures. Whether to use futures or forwards depends on different requirements. Generally, financial assets investors who need high liquidity prefer to choose futures, while commodity investors such as producers who need high customization prefer to choose forwards. 4. 4Hedging with swaps When i nvestors want to hedge risks of interest rates, currencies, or commodities, they can use swaps. In gold swaps, counterparties change fixed lease rate with variable lease rate. In swaps on base metals, counterparties change fixed metal price with average price of near dated metal future. In oil swaps, counterparties change fixed West Taxes Intermediate (WTI is a benchmark in oil price) price with average price of near dated WTI future. 5Pros and cons of hedging strategies with derivatives The following integrated summary of these derivatives depending on pervious analysis makes systematic comparisons. (The options here are exchanged-traded European options) Table 3: Summary for 4 derivatives SUMMERY OF DERIVATIVES FOR GENERAL TYPES OptionsFuturesForwardsSwaps Types of contractstandardizedstandardizedcustomizedcustomized Settlementscash and deliverymost cash and few deliverydeliverydepends on individuals Trading marketExchange tradedExchange tradedOTCOTC Liquidityhighhighlowlow Marketing-to-marginnorequirednono Time of settlementmaturitydailymaturityperiodically Initial investmentoption premiuminitial margin nodepends Default risk assumed byClearing houseclearinghouseBoth partiesBoth parties ProsDefault risk free liquiditycustomization no initial investment Consinitial investment inflexibledefault risk for both party illiquidity Source: author’s own. . 1Pros and cons of options The pros of options are obvious. Firstly, they have no risk to assume more loss than premium but have possibility to get unlimited potential profit. Secondly exchanged-traded options are highly liquid and OTC traded options are flexible. However, the cons of options are also explicit, such as the difficulty to decide when to enter into a long position. Because buying an option needs to pay option premium, if the spot price cannot go above (for a long call) or go below (for a long put) the breakeven point the hedger will suffer a loss, and depends on statistics the possibility of a long position to lose is about 66%. 5. 2Pros and cons of futures It definitely makes sense for most companies whose majors are in businesses but not professional in forecasting the price of commodities price volatility, which can make them pay more attention on their core competences instead of fearing about volatile price. Nonetheless, taking neutralized strategies make hedgers give up the possibility of both profit and loss. Moreover, instead of hedging risks by companies, shareholders can hedge themselves according to their preferences. Additionally, if other competitors of the same industry don’t apply hedging strategies, in fact, it is the hedging company itself that assumes risks, because competitive pressures are the same for other all competitors but different for the hedging company its own. 5. 3Pros and cons of forwards Basic pros and cons have been listed in the table in front of this chapter. Generally, compared to futures, the most explicit pro is that forwards are highly customized and therefore the con is that they are hardly liquid. 5. 4Pros and cons of swaps Basic pros and cons have been listed in the table in front of this chapter. Gernally, compared to futures and forwards the most precise pros is that both counterparties could reap benefits from a swap, such as in a currency swap where a firm with a low rate may get a cheaper loan as other firms with high rates, and the counterparty may get a payment as compensation. However the corresponding cons is that counterparty may need to pay commision to intermediary, because it is difficult to find an appropriate counterparty by itself. 6Practical example of corporate commodity price risk hedging 6. 1Introduction on firms practical hedging strategy Air China is an airline company, whose cost of fuel oil occupies 44. 75% of total revenue in 2008. To hedge the fuel oil price risk, Air China bought a call option with strike K1, meanwhile sold a put option with strike K2, where K1

DB 2,3,4 Your thoughts Al Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DB 2,3,4 Your thoughts Al - Assignment Example cticut, Hawaii, New Jersey and the District of Columbia are comparatively in a better position with a B+ grade, as they grant the facility of paid sick leaves, paid medical leaves for pregnancy and paid family leaves. According to Wilke (2014), although there are 181 countries providing maternity leaves and 81 nations providing paternity leaves, the US offers none of these leaves either to new mothers or new fathers. Additionally, none of the US national employment policies is identified to assure remunerated sick days, pregnancy accommodations and other supports to new parents. Nevertheless, the states are now taking steps to establish a parent-friendly workplace by implementing various laws, as per Wilke (2014). The various Acts, such as the â€Å"Family and Medical Insurance Leave (FAMILY) Act†, the â€Å"Healthy Families Act and the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act† are also on the lane to get implemented in the US (Wilke, 2014). Apparently, the inferences of the artic le reveal scenario major developmental need of parent-friendly workplace in the US, wherein, apart from the above-mentioned policies, authorities are suggested to bring more flexibility in organizational schedule and telecommunicating facilities. In this article Maurer (2014) intends to summarize the impacts of the new reporting system of Brazil, referred as eSocial. The new system takes account of centralizing and standardizing information on tax, social security, labor and company data into a distinct database and then supplying it to different governmental organizations. As per Maurer (2014), even though the date of implementation is yet not finalized, but it is sure to include all large and mid-income employees. Subsequently, reduction in insolvency, tax evasion and fraud along with development of the inspection of employment records are anticipated as the result of implementing the new reporting initiative. As per Maurer (2014), the process attached to the new system is simplified and can be

Analysis of Social and Health History Data for Older Persons Essay

Analysis of Social and Health History Data for Older Persons - Essay Example Moreover, the psychological changes among others are all problems associated with old age. The major changes that individuals face include adjustment to retirement, reduced income, and the use of leisure time. We will carry out a critical analysis of comprehensive social and health history data for two older persons. In this regard, one older person considers she or he is healthy’ for this stage of their life. Conversely, the second older person considers him/herself as experiencing ill health and/or a dysfunction. The potential health problems, demonstrate differences in these two persons’ social and health histories. Analysis will also be made on how these health problems impact on their quality of life and lifestyle. The person who will consider that he/she is healthy to this stage will react positively to changes. They will accept the fact that as the functions of the body changes, a healthy mental attitude helps a person to maintain a zest for living. This will fre e the person from monitoring changes and enables the person to seek medical care, hence adjust to personal lifestyle. This person will struggle to stay physically healthy by changing the poor health habits. Such habits include avoidance of negligence and body exercise that slows down the aging process. This postpones physical symptoms of aging such as heart failure, stroke, hypertension, and arthritis. Exercise will stimulate the mind and lessens premature dependence on others thereby improving the overall quality of life. This person with have positive social interactions that will enrich aging and can even involve themselves in community development, in volunteer activities, or even close family ties. All these provide enjoyment as a person ages. Ericson (1950) theory, Ego integrity versus despair, involve coming into terms with one's life. Any form of ill health can easily be dealt with, and these persons live long than expected. It is important to note that the adults who get to a sense of integrity feel whole, complete, and satisfied with their achievements (Martin & Kinsella, 2004, p.90). On the contrary, these other older person who considers he/she is experiencing ill health and/or dysfunction. These persons take the aging process negatively and lacks acceptance. At this stage, despair comes in and they feel they had made wrong decisions. In such a scenario, the time is too short to find an alternative route to integrity. Without another chance, these persons find difficulty in accepting the closeness of death and overcome with resentment, defeat, and hopelessness. These attitudes expressed as anger and contempt for others disguising contempt for oneself. These persons tend to have a faultfinding behavior with a tendency to blame others for their personal failures. They also have regretful view of their own life reflecting with a great sense of despair. These people will just lie down on their beds and start complaining. They get more prone to aging di seases as stroke, hypertension, heart failure, arthritis, and they lack the strength to struggle with such diseases. They die within a shorter period than expected. Compare the similarities and differences in the chosen health problems Similarities in these two persons are that they are both older persons thus exposed to illnesses associated with old age. Such diseases include omega 48 blood disorders, neurological disorders, and respiratory

Medical law and ethics discussion questions Essay

Medical law and ethics discussion questions - Essay Example Physician’s duty in the medical field is to conduct diagnosis, offer referral services and update patients on their treatment procedures alongside articulation of the intended results. In the society, they have the role of counseling and advising parents, writing medical articles to enlighten the public and providing professional testimony on behalf of victims of torture seeking asylum. Their role has gradually changed from that of a director to that of the controller and health instructor (Stoddard et al 1). In addition to assessment of diseases and injury, healthcare providers treat the patients accordingly, provide care for them and enlighten them on the preventive measures associated with various ailments. Moreover, they run the facilities that offer the healthcare services (Stoddard et al 1). Managed care may affect one’s career through controls on the professional independence. Physician dissatisfaction is bound to arise if managed care infringes upon the physician’s relationships, practice approaches, decision making or controls for income (Stoddard et al 1). MCOs can only manage to offer the required form of care by ensuring the physicians, or medical professionals are satisfied since dissemination of care is upon them (Stoddard et al 1). They can only achieve this by revising the limits imposed on clinical autonomy, boosting patient confidence on physicians and involving physicians work schedule set up processes. Stoddard, Jeffrey, Lee Hargraves, Marie Reed and Alison Vratil. â€Å"Managed care, Proffessional Autonomy, and Income: Effects on Physician Career Satisfaction.† J Gen Intern Med 16.10(2001): 675-684.

Paraphrase a reports and solve past exams papers Coursework

Paraphrase a reports and solve past exams papers - Coursework Example The funnel was shaken gently until no effervescence was observed. The top organic layer was washed with water followed by brine in the funnel. Both brine and water ought to be 40 ml. The top organic layer was then transferred into a conical flask before adding anhydrous magnesium sulphate. The mixture was swirled and filtrated in a round bottomed flask. The final product was then distilled in a pre-weighed flask that is ice-cold. The weight and melting point was then measured and recorded. In addition the sample of the IR spectra was carried out. Results: Boiling point: 50Â °C-52Â °C Volume: Number of moles: 0.5 mol R.M.M: 74 g/Mol Density: 0.775 g/Mol Mass: 74 0. 5=37 g Volume: Mass/density = 47. 74 ml HCl: Concentration 12 M Number of moles: 1.5 mol Volume=Number of mole / concentration . = = 0.125 L =125Ml. The weight of flask=74. 64 g The weight of flask + sample=92. 36 g Sample’s weight=92. 36-74.64= 17.72 g Theoretical yield = 0.5 x 92.567 =46. 28 g Percentage yield: 1 7.72 x100/46.28 =38. 3 % Discussion: At room temperature 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was a colorless liquid organic compound. 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was slightly soluble and spontaneously solvolysed when dissolved in water. 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was volatile and highly flammable. ... For stability. The bondage existing between oxygen and carbon broke hydrolytically. The breakage formed carbocation and was used as electrophille: species’ lacking electrons. Absence of electrons made chloride ions to attack carbocation hence molecule stability. Carbocation assumed role of Lewis acid that welcomed electron from Cl- forming t-butyl chloride. It was then synthesized through SN1. http://1chemistry.blogspot.co.uk/2011/06/synthesis-of-tert-butyl-chloride.html The excess HCL was neutralized by sodium bicarbonate which gave misleading results. The IR spectra are illustrated below: 2: Hydrobromination of trans-stilbene practical. Aim: When the electrophilic species are added to an alkene, the procedure were allowed prepare various functional group. The below reaction, N-bromosuccinimide acted as an electrophilic species which facilitated the addition of HOBr to the double bond. Method: A mixture of 60 ml of dimethylsulfoxide, 1 cm3, and 56 mmol of water, and 3.6 g, 20 mmol of trans-stilbene was transferred to a flask that is round bottomed (100ml). The solution then stirred hard at room temperature. For over ten minutes, 7.1 g with 40 mmol of N-bromosuccinimide was added portion by portion. The solution was left for twenty minutes to mix accordingly. The reaction was transferred to a separating funnel. The separating funnel (200ml) had iced water. Using 4 x 40 ml of diethyl ether after the ice is completely melted, the solution was extracted. Subsequently, the extract fron ethereal was drained with 50 ml of water and brine. The extract was thereafter dried by using MgSO4. On the bath the rotary evaporator concentrated the solutions. On the surface of the solution, white crystals were formed. Further

Homework 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Homework 4 - Assignment Example When the first rocket was launched, it made us aware that the world is limited in its resources and space. There is a limit to the amount of life the earth can hold. The destruction to the environment by humanity presents new challenges that plants and animals have adapted. However, the destruction has reached an extreme scale. Species there are over one and a half billion that have been discovered by scientists. There is just a small representation of the diversity of animals that exists all over the world. Most people just appreciate the big animals like elephants. Lions in the savannahs but there are also a great diversity of small animals like mosquitoes, the sea holds so much life beneath it, but most of it remains a mystery. There are many cases of extinction on the face of the planet of big animals but if small animals were to be extinct, the world would face a crisis as they form the foundations of the earth. Extinction has become massive on a scale of 100 t0 1000 due to human activities like deforestation. Is there an importance to preserve our biodiversity. The answer is yes. The eco-environment provides us with soil and cleanses our air all free. Most importantly, we should focus on handing down an environment full of rich biodiversity to the next

Paraphrase a reports and solve past exams papers Coursework

Paraphrase a reports and solve past exams papers - Coursework Example The funnel was shaken gently until no effervescence was observed. The top organic layer was washed with water followed by brine in the funnel. Both brine and water ought to be 40 ml. The top organic layer was then transferred into a conical flask before adding anhydrous magnesium sulphate. The mixture was swirled and filtrated in a round bottomed flask. The final product was then distilled in a pre-weighed flask that is ice-cold. The weight and melting point was then measured and recorded. In addition the sample of the IR spectra was carried out. Results: Boiling point: 50Â °C-52Â °C Volume: Number of moles: 0.5 mol R.M.M: 74 g/Mol Density: 0.775 g/Mol Mass: 74 0. 5=37 g Volume: Mass/density = 47. 74 ml HCl: Concentration 12 M Number of moles: 1.5 mol Volume=Number of mole / concentration . = = 0.125 L =125Ml. The weight of flask=74. 64 g The weight of flask + sample=92. 36 g Sample’s weight=92. 36-74.64= 17.72 g Theoretical yield = 0.5 x 92.567 =46. 28 g Percentage yield: 1 7.72 x100/46.28 =38. 3 % Discussion: At room temperature 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was a colorless liquid organic compound. 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was slightly soluble and spontaneously solvolysed when dissolved in water. 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane was volatile and highly flammable. ... For stability. The bondage existing between oxygen and carbon broke hydrolytically. The breakage formed carbocation and was used as electrophille: species’ lacking electrons. Absence of electrons made chloride ions to attack carbocation hence molecule stability. Carbocation assumed role of Lewis acid that welcomed electron from Cl- forming t-butyl chloride. It was then synthesized through SN1. http://1chemistry.blogspot.co.uk/2011/06/synthesis-of-tert-butyl-chloride.html The excess HCL was neutralized by sodium bicarbonate which gave misleading results. The IR spectra are illustrated below: 2: Hydrobromination of trans-stilbene practical. Aim: When the electrophilic species are added to an alkene, the procedure were allowed prepare various functional group. The below reaction, N-bromosuccinimide acted as an electrophilic species which facilitated the addition of HOBr to the double bond. Method: A mixture of 60 ml of dimethylsulfoxide, 1 cm3, and 56 mmol of water, and 3.6 g, 20 mmol of trans-stilbene was transferred to a flask that is round bottomed (100ml). The solution then stirred hard at room temperature. For over ten minutes, 7.1 g with 40 mmol of N-bromosuccinimide was added portion by portion. The solution was left for twenty minutes to mix accordingly. The reaction was transferred to a separating funnel. The separating funnel (200ml) had iced water. Using 4 x 40 ml of diethyl ether after the ice is completely melted, the solution was extracted. Subsequently, the extract fron ethereal was drained with 50 ml of water and brine. The extract was thereafter dried by using MgSO4. On the bath the rotary evaporator concentrated the solutions. On the surface of the solution, white crystals were formed. Further

The Limits of Freedom Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Limits of Freedom - Term Paper Example From the independence of America to the beginning of the New World, White males had superiority and complete freedom as compared to the women, African Americans and American Indian. The religious groups did not enjoy freedom as well. Freedom of Women: In the colonial era, the treatment and behaviour with women varied with colonies and tribes, with the variation in the ethnicity of the tribe. The Puritan settlers from England did not allow the women to work with the men in the fields as they were very religious and believed that the women should look after their men and bring up children who feared God. The German women however could be seen working in the fields along with the men and in the stables as well. The English women did not own their own clothes and had no right to write their wills regarding the things they possessed. On the contrary, German and Dutch women had their own clothes and also had the freedom to make their wills. ... i Single women could vote up to 1807 according to the New Jersey state constitutions but married women could not. ii Freedom of African Americans The African Americans were brought into the country as slaves. They were treated very poorly and had no rights. While being transported on slave ships, these slaves were forced to leave their families and chained below the deck of the ship. Their living conditions were unhygienic and they suffered from severe malnutrition which resulted in an increase in the prevalence of diseases at an alarming rate. They were punished harshly. They first arrived in America in 1619 as servants sold to Englishmen. Killing a slave however was still a crime and some whites were even hanged as a punishment. The owners treated them no better than livestock. iii The African American children were not allowed to study in schools so they made schools for themselves within the community where the children could get educated. White males, either naive or immigrant w ere preferred to be hired by companies rather than the African Americans. During the Civil War, President Lincoln promised the slaves in the Southern states freedom from their slavery if the Union won the war.iv By February 1865, about 200,000 slaves were freed. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 the African Americans were declared as Americans and two years later the African Americans were granted citizenship of America. Freedom of American Indians American Indians are the indigenous natives of the continental United States, Hawaii and Alaska. Difference in culture between the Native Americans and immigrants from Europe and Africa, the constantly changing alliance of different people has been a source of quarrel between the New World and Old World societies. They were

Define Motivation, Explain How the Expectancy Theory Works Essay Example for Free

Define Motivation, Explain How the Expectancy Theory Works Essay TEMPLATE FOR SUMMARISING AND EVALUATING ARTICLES FROM SCHOLARLY JOURNALS Title and Article Reference| Robert G. Isaac, Wilfred J. Zerbe and Douglas C. Pitt(Summer 2001) Leadership And Motivation: The Effective Application Of Expectancy Theory, Journal of Managerial Issues , Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 212-226| Aim / Purpose of article| In this article, we discuss the application of a motivational model that provides a practical tool for individuals wishing to assume leadership roles. This model, namely expectancy theory (Vroom, 1964; Porter and Lawler, 1968), suggests that individuals, acting through self-interest, adopt courses of action perceived as maximizing the probability of desirable outcomes for themselves. This desire to maximize self-interest provides aspiring leaders with unique opportunities to assume leadership roles by simultaneously meeting both follower needs and organizational requirements| Sample, location, method of data collection and analysis| Article was only theoretical. No empirical evidence offered| Findings/Interpretations reported in the article| Leadership is hard work because it means stepping forward and taking the time to motivate each follower on a personal basis, according to the principles of the model of expectancy theory.| Significance/contribution of the article in relation to your other articles and your topic| This article also contains solid information which outlines that the expectancy theory is used by leadership to motivate their employee’s by meeting their expectation which then inspires them to perform their task highly.| Strengths of the article| Well researched with strong background in the exploration prior of research| Weaknesses of the a rticle| No weakness indicated as the expectancy theory has proven to be vital for leadership and management.| Quotes from the article that you plan to use in your assignment| â€Å"V. H. Vroom (1964) suggested that people consciously choose particular courses of action, based upon perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs, as a consequence of their desires to enhance pleasure and avoid pain†. (Leadership And Motivation: The Effective Application Of Expectancy Theory) Summer 2001 p 214| Quotes from the article that you plan to use in your assignment| â€Å"In essence, the model suggests that the individual feels motivated when three conditions are perceived†1. The personal expenditure of effort will result in an acceptable level of performance. 2. The performance level achieved will result in a specific out-come for the person3.The outcome attained is personally valuedSummer 2001 p 215|

Palliative Care in End Stage Congestive Heart Failure

Palliative Care in End Stage Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an inability of the heart to supply/pump blood to the body as it needs in normal. CHF is an acute illness and a chronic disease in which the passage of time may cause other physical and psychological diseases that poses a threat to the health of the patient, and may be the cause of life limiting (American Heart Association, 2010). This indicates the poor quality of life of the patient, exacerbating health problem. Hence, those patients need to attend palliative care to improve the quality of life. Palliative care for CHF patient is very important to relive or prevent the pain which may be able to be cause physical problems such as (respiratory disorder and sleep disorder) or psychological problems such as (depression and anxiety). Palliative care is supportive care which provides physical support, psychological support, spiritual support and social support and that is to provide the best as much as possible to improve quality of life (Davidson, Macdonald Newton, 2010). How can you help and support Verner from the palliative care perspective? From the case Mr. Verner has complaining from several problems related to his state of physical, psychological, social and spiritual. In the beginning I have to consider appropriate place of care either in hospital or at home if there is sufficient support in all ways (Patient UK, 2010). Then Ill start with him a comprehensive assessment for his situation from perspective of palliative care includes the physical and psychological, social, cultural and spiritual (existential). Mr. Verner has advanced heart failure or end stage heart failure where can be identified the stage according to Dunderdale, Thompson, Miles, Beer Furze (2005) by the New York Heart Association (NYHA). In addition NYHA can assess a variety of the physical symptoms and restrictions. An important aspect of Mr. Verner management is communication and listening, exploring his understanding and feelings about his illness. Exploring concerns about the future can provide opportunities to discuss death and preferences fo r end of life care (Jaarsma et al., 2009). There are physical and psychological complications caused by CHF. For example Mr. Verner case: he does not sleep at night because he has trouble breathing, probably he has pulmonary congestion/pulmonary edema because according to (American Heart Association, 2010) pulmonary edema is one of the complications of CHF. So, medical intervention is needs in order to address the symptoms experienced by the patient, because medical care is very important to reduce patient stress and anxiety. Providing support through effective communication, skills may lift the moral of the patient. During communication I have to be honest and fidelity also in dealing with this patient must be show kindness, compassion and respect. In order to helping Mr. Verner from the palliative care perspective I have to provide a good palliative symptom management, psychological, spiritual and social support will provide hope and reassurance. Emotional and social support is very important aspect for CHF patient. Where the presence of family, relatives and friends around of the patient would be a very strong supporter to improve the psychological status of the patient and reduce depression, anxiety, social isolation and loneliness (Jaarsma et al., 2009). Ill ask the provider of Social Work to communicate with family members to provide the counseling and patient needs from social services. Also the family members should be encouraged in participating with palliative care team to more improve in the physical care for the patient. Moreover, he may benefit from a referral to social services and district nursing. Liaison between his primary care team and the local palliative care team is strongly recommended and Mr. Verner could be given contact numbers for the palliative care services. Hospice care for further social support and respite may be beneficial. Providing spiritual support is one of the important aspect of palliative care whether from family or from clergy, to encourage and support the patient to let him look to the future with optimism and live with his society and daily activities in comfortable manner until he dies (Becker, 2010). Which problems and needs can you identify? From the case it shows to me Mr. Verner suffering from physical and psychological problems which include: Heart disease is the main cause of worsening of his situation and increase physical problems that are: According to Scherer et al., (2005) lack emotional and social in patients with CHF makes the psychological problems in evolution as experienced by Mr. Verner: Physical problems Nausea,Vomiting Vertigo all the day time Decreased appetite Lack of energy Trouble breathing Cough in night Sleeping disorder Psychological problems Depression Anxiety Social isolation/loneliness Hopelessness Fear of death Nursing diagnosis: Decreased cardiac output related to decreased myocardial contractility. Impaired gas exchange related to lung congestion resulting in trouble breathing and cough in night. Nutrition imbalanced less than body requirements related to nausea and vomiting. Fatigue related to lack of energy. Disturbed sleep pattern related to trouble breathing. Ineffective coping related to chronic illness (Berman, Snyder, Kozier Erb, 2008). Patients needs: Information about the disease process, treatment and general advice on what to do and what not to do. Physical support and managing symptoms to relieve/reduce suffering and improve general health for live comfortably. Emotional support to reduce the psychological symptoms, where the presence of family around him will be a catalyst for this support. Social services to provide equipment such as stair lifts, ramps, commodes and information about packages of care. Enhance the care, improve quality of life and provide end life care with respect culture (customs and traditions), dignity, beneficence, sympathy and empathy. Make a nursing care plan for Verner. Explain and motivate your suggested nursing interventions in accordance with the four key areas listed in the introduction. Patient with end stage of heart failure may present with a variety of symptoms, which are similar to patients with advanced cancer (Matzo Sherman, 2010). A detailed history, physical examination, investigations and establishment of patient priorities will help in the management of their symptoms and improvement of quality of life. An accurate drug history is important due to the nature of complex drug regimens. The difficulties of coping with unwanted drug side effects may cause patients to be afraid to report their non-concordance, which may precipitate hospital admission. Common physical symptoms are fatigue, pain, breathlessness, dizziness, cachexia, anorexia, nausea, insomnia, difficulty in walking, constipation (Jaarsma et al., 2009). Communication skills are very important part in palliative care between palliative care team and patients and their families. There are small things, but significant that matter to the patient and family such as: a clean, well-pressed uniform; neat and tidy hair; an upright posture; a smile; appropriate eye contact respecting gender, age, culture or disability; a clear introduction of self and most important of all: an attitude that reflect my positive interest in them as a person (Becker, 2010). Also during communicating with the patient must repeat the information. It is possible because poor cerebral blood may lead to confusion and memory problems (Patient UK, 2010). PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS SYMPTOM CONTROL Trouble breathing, Cough in night and Sleeping disorder INTERVENTIONS (N) AND RATIONAL (R) Initial (N) Check vital signs, heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate depth. Observe if any wheezes and crackles in lung bases or edema. (R) This assessment will be noting and presence of fluid in the lung with change in heart and respiratory rate (Lewis et al., 2007). (N) Administer O2 and put patient on semi follower position. (R) Over volume is increased in the heart failure patient so, it results in jugular vein distention and increased hepatojugular vein also (Morton, Fontaine, Hudak, Gallo, 2005). (N) Control pain if any, discomfort feeling. (R) Patients may experience chronic pain such as oedematous limbs or osteoarthritis, or as a result of previous heart surgery (Morton et al, 2005). Ongoing Monitoring (N) Monitor vital signs, level of consciousness, oxygen saturation, cardiac rhythm, respiratory status and urinary output (Berman, 2008). Nausea, Vomiting, Decreased appetite and Lack of energy (N) Encourage the patient to eat the liquid food use a small amount of alcohol. (R) Could be good method to stimulate appetite and improving mood and general self esteem (Berman, 2008). (N) (Dehydration) Observe skin or mucous membrane dryness and edema. ( Ongoing Monitoring ) Monitor urinary output. (R) Occurs most often with CHF patients. Hypovolemia fluid shifts and nutritional deficits contribute to poor skin and edematous tissue (Morton et al, 2005). Ongoing Monitoring (N) Help patient to do daily activities such as using a wheel chair. (R) Patient needs to fully care of and need someone to help him in accomplishing daily activities at least to feel satisfied (Lewis et al., 2007). The main symptoms related to the case that require specific interventions of the palliative care team Causes and effects on CHF patients Managing symptom Fatigue CHF patients feel constantly tired and lacking energy. The main factors contributing to fatigue are: abnormalities in skeletal muscle due to reduced perfusion and neurohumoral changes; the side effects of medications; reduced activity; anaemia; lack of appetite and muscle wasting (Scherer et al, 2005). Fatigue causes reduced quality of life because it severely restricts patients activities and creates difficulties in walking and getting out of the house. In the end stages of heart failure even managing personal hygiene and dressing can be difficult. Fatigue can also compound other physical symptoms such as constipation, oedema and pain (Davidson et al., 2010). Access to exercise programmes may be of benefit to reduce fatigue and can give patients greater sense of well being. Explanation to the patient and his family about the physiological causes of fatigue can help them understand what they are experiencing and referral to occupational therapy of physiotherapy for advice on energy conservation and exercise can be useful. Education about healthy eating and correcting anaemia can also be beneficial (Jaarsma et al., 2009). Breathlessness Commonly caused by pulmonary oedema due to failing left ventricular function or sometimes due to anaemia. Other causes such as chest infection should not be overlooked. Anxiety, depression and inactivity can also contribute to breathlessness (Davidson et al., 2010). Increasing diuretics is the first line treatment for breathlessness due to increasing congestion and providing by Respiratory Consultant. Home oxygen may be useful for patients with daytime low blood oxygen saturations. The use of breathing and relaxation exercises can help reduce the anxiety, which often accompanies breathlessness (Davidson et al., 2010). PSYCHOLOGICAL (EMOTIONAL) SYMPTOMS Causes and effects on CHF patients Managing symptom/ Management Diagnosis of heart failure may make emotional stress. Depression, anxiety, social isolation and loneliness are common symptoms experienced by patient with end stage heart failure. The lack emotional and social support is an important predictor of morbidity and when patient become isolated and lack the ability to cope with his disease this can also be a significant predictor of mortality (Jaarsma et al., 2009). A patients experience of depression is often compounded by their physical symptoms. Psychological symptoms are can reduce quality of life. Mr. Verner says: I am not my disease, which can hinder hope for the future. From my experience when I give an opportunity to the patient as Mr. Verner condition, certainly will talk about dying. Fears of how he may die? How of pain? Emotional support is important for the patient. Effective communication with patient and his carer is needed from diagnosis and throughout the course of the illness. To maintain hope, patients can be offered good palliation of their symptoms and exploration of their preferences for care. Information needs to be available about the disease process, common feelings experienced and local social support services. Referral to psychology services or counselors may be required and some patients may benefit from an antidepressant (Jaarsma et al., 2009). Tricyclic antidepressants are not usually advised due to their pro-arthymic side effects. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants (e.g. fluoxetine 20 mg once daily) are more commonly prescribed (Morton et al., 2005). SOCIAL AND FAMILY SUPPORT Causes and effects on CHF patients Management Social and family support is very important element, which engaging social services are a high priority may affect adversely on some psychological problems such as social isolation, loneliness and sadness etc. Specifically the social aspect may be involved in the following problems: financial status, capacity to self care, adherence with lifestyle and carer burden (Davidson et al., 2010). Mr. Verner misses his children and grandchildren because he does not have energy to talk on telephone. And that make him in bad condition. Social services to provide equipment such as stair lifts, ramps, commodes and information about packages of care; District nurses for assessment of symptoms and support. District nurses are often not aware of patients living with CHF until they become hospitalized; Community physiotherapy and occupational therapy for assessment and advice on exercise, energy conservation and home adaptations to aid in activities of daily living; Benefits advice patients may be eligible for disability or attendance allowance (Dunderdale, Thompson, Miles, Beer, Furze, 2005). And assist in communicating with family and give advice to family in order to be near Mr. Verner, even if the move to live with his children. The presence of family, relatives and friends around of the patient would be a very strong supporter to improve the psychological state of the patient and reduce depression, anxiety, social isolation and loneliness. SPIRITUAL (EXISTENTIAL) SUPPORT Spiritual support is an important aspect in palliative care. CHF reflected a gradual loss of identity and increased dependence and his illness make him incapacitate. Where it feels the burden on society and loses a sense of worth and meaning. Some patients have religious beliefs and feel comfortable than other patients who blame the Lord and say, Where is all this time? Why the God made me like this case? (Christian medical fellowship, 2011). Spiritual support is provided by a clinically certified interfaith chaplain and a qualified by the palliative care team. And chaplain role in this is to restore hope and existential then make the patient to cope the reality (University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 2011). And small things will make Mr. Thomas in happiness or make a huge difference, such as to bring his cat or a visit from a close friend or inspiration in art, poetry, music (Becker, 2010).CONCLUSION Patients with CHF often experience a multitude of symptoms that affect adversely on their general health therefore it may happen to them to get sudden death. Participation with palliative care team is necessary to reduce the symptoms, provide the best as much as possible to improve quality of life and provide end life care with dignity. Nursing care plays an important role in the teamwork for patients with CHF, which can addressed with a variety of interventions, to relieve physical and psychological suffering, including treatment of pain, breathing difficulties and sleeping disorders. Communication is very important between palliative care team and patients and their families to adoption key work of care approach could improve patients access to appropriate palliative care. In addition, good communication between all those caring people for the patient in both primary and secondary care is essential. However, palliative care needs to be accessible early in the disease beginning beca use in the advanced stages patients may had worsened their health and then the team cannot provide the desired care. Finally I choose this case because I think the palliative care process as a practice in health part just for cancer patients but after dealing with Mr. Verner case I add to my nursing knowledge more specialized skills about the palliative care.

A Holographic Interpretation of the Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

A Holographic Interpretation of the Scarlet Letter Comprehension of anything requires a framework already in place in order to place it in out sphere of reference. Especially those that are "fuzzy" or difficult to nail down. The brain and the atom are not fully understood, but by comparing functions, structures, and similar operations to known items or concepts one can obtain a hold on the unknown and even extrapolate unknown processes from known ones. (For example, the brain is similar to a computer. They both have memory, input/output, and similar structures-transistors to synapses.) This technique works with literature and a deeper understanding a grasp of a book's meaning becomes possible. The Scarlet Letter can be viewed through an understanding of the operation and production of holograms. First, an understanding of the holographic process is needed before any comparisons are possible. First and foremost a hologram requires a source of coherent wave- like energy. The second is a recording medium of extremely high resolution to record the microscopic interference patterns of light. The third major requirement is utter stability and freedom from vibrations. As for producing an actual hologram, here is described a two-beam transmission holograph. (So named because viewing it requires shining the same coherent light back through it) The laser is placed on a platform in the sand and a mirror directs the light diagonally across the table. A beamsplitter divides the beam into two parts. One goes to a mirror that directs the light through a spreading lens onto the photographic plate at an angle. The other beam is bounced off a mirror and through a spreading lens onto the object to be holographed. The table is allowed to settle and an exposure made. The light from the first beam, called the reference beam, and the reflected light from the object combine to produce microscopic inte rference patterns through constructive and destructive interference. Since light is a wave, when two coherent beams intersect depending on their phase they either add or subtract strengths forming areas of lightness and darkness that are captured by the photographic plate. After development the hologram is viewed with light from the same laser at the same angle as

A Comparison of My Last Duchess and Porphyrias Lover Essays -- Robert

"My Last Duchess" is a poem about an arrogant and extremely powerful Duke who is describing his deceased Duchess. From the word "last" in the title it is implied that the duke has had more than one duchess. In this poem, the Duke is extremely egotistic. He says, "I choose never to stoop." The duchess would look at everyone in the world as being equal no matter what class they are. The duke however cannot do this. He is too worried about his appearance. "Porphyria's Lover" is a poem in which a man describes an evening in which his lover, Porphyria, visits him and he unexpectedly murders her. In this it is unlike "My Last Duchess" because Porphyria 'worships' her lover unlike the Duke From the title "My Last Duchess", we immediately learn that this is a personal poem to the duke. It is a love and murder poem. It is a dramatic monologue and is written as a single stanza. Both poems also have a silent listener. In 'My Last Duchess' the silent listener is the Ambassador for the Count, who is the father of the Duke's next bride whereas in 'Porphyria's Lover' the silent listener could be a number of people it could be a police officer, or he could just be telling the story to a friend. There is no evidence in the poem, which tells the reader who he is talking to. The tone in these poems is important as it acts as a contrast to the content of the poem. In "My Last Duchess", Browning uses a soft tone and describes the Duke having the Duchess killed subtly, " This grew; I gave commands;/ Then all smiles stopped together." Browning describes this without changing the tone. However in "Porphyria's Lover" the tone is normal and soft throughout the poem until the point in which the Lover murders Porphyria, "I... ...both of the characters kill their lovers. "She was mine, mine, fair,/ Perfectly pure and good". This is what the lover said before he killed Porphyria. He kills her because at that precise moment in time he has complete power and control over Porphyria and wants to preserve this. Browning uses a simile extremely effectively in "Porphyria's Lover" to describe the body of Porphyria. He says "As a shut bud that holds a bee". This gives the reader the image that her soul is still alive but her body is dead. The bud is shut and the bee is still alive inside of it. Overall, I found these poems both quite enjoyable to read. I enjoyed "My Last Duchess" less than I enjoyed "Porphyria's Lover". This is because the murder in "Porphyria's Lover" was so unexpected and a shock whereas in "My Last Duchess", it was written more subtly giving it less excitement.

History and counseling psychology Essay

When we study human behavior, specifically focusing on the development of personality and crucial to how a person or individual conducts him/herself, psychology offers a variety of dimensions. The concept of personality is central to our attempt to understand ourselves and others and is part of the way in which we account for the differences that contribute to our individuality. Psychologists have been particularly concerned with shaping of the personality in relation to genetic and environmental influences. We have been fortunate that the study of human personality has been thriving and fruitful. We can choose from as many models we can to help us see ourselves better and maintain good relationships (Fall et al. , 2003). Behavior is described and analyzed. On this basis, an attempt to predict behavior is possible, and although this may not thoroughly and completely be accomplished in some endeavors, the basic understanding then is that there are certain expectations concerning how any person would act or decide upon things that are within his conscious awareness. Psychology is of great importance to man since psychological problems are common to group relations, in whatever framework a person or group of individuals come from (Fall et al. , 2003). Black, feminist, and cross-cultural psychologies depart from traditional psychology as these are expansions of the classic approaches but are reflective of more distinct and culturally sensitive perspectives that need to be incorporated. The relevance of integrating such approaches is timely since these have never been thought of before as pertinent hence, timely implementation of these theoretical perspectives is then appreciated (Fall et al. , 2003; Hamm, 1989). It is by separately labeling and providing a distinct area for each of these approaches much the same as their predecessors, and pointing to their current applications that makes this incorporation in the new course interesting and exciting. Due to the increasing technological breakthroughs, communication has never before as quick or speedy and as available as it is now, implying the accessibility of the approaches being introduced as readily as possible. The internet is a visible proof for this fact. At one’s fingertips, materials can be had that even very remote villages or cities in third world countries may be able to see the relevance of the approaches according to their contexts (Hamm, 1989). With this in mind, the application of these viewpoints in one’s role as teacher involves a deeper understanding in those populations that are particularly addressed in the theoretical viewpoints provided (Gloria & Lewis, 1986). As a practitioner on the other hand, the new set of formally accepted perspectives enhances one’s profession in a sense that a new way of looking at individuals and their culture are acceptable already and thus is a welcome addition to the depth of knowledge and insights of human behavior (Aguirre & Turner, 1995; Boisnier, 2003).

Found in Translation Essay

Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 1 What role does the basic communication process in Figure 11.1 play in this case? Explain. The basic communication process is vital from the Figure 11.1 in this case. The definition of communication is â€Å"the interpersonal transfer of information and understand† as stated on page 300. This is monumental for the CEO Glynn Lloyd to do with 70 percent of his 65 employees being from different places like Trinidad, Brazil, Nigeria, the Dominican Republic, and Cage Verde (p. 326). He has to have his employees carry out what he envisions for his company though understanding what is required. Which of the five communication strategies in Figure 11.3 does CEO Glynn Lloyd rely on the most at City Fresh Foods? At City Fresh Foods Glynn Lloyd relies on withhold and uphold strategy the most out of the five communication strategies in Figure 11.3. Lloyd’s also includes tell and sell strategy at City Fresh. The logistics manager, Kurt Stegenga states that the English classes was a bit much so they teach limited and key languages of City Fresh Foods such as â€Å"delivery ticket, check-out sheet and ice packs† (p. 326). â€Å"I spend a little extra time trying to help them read what they need to know (p. 326). At City Fresh Foods, the multilingual employees learn key terms such as â€Å"safe and out† and even the English alphabet by watch Sesame Street as noted in this case. Training material is visual so that at City Fresh Foods the employees can duplicate work efforts by visually looking at examples of how to do their jobs; it’s the hands on approach, â€Å"A demonstration is better than words, says Lloyd† (p. 326). How should Glynn Lloyd stimulate upward communication at City Fresh Foods? Explain. Glynn Lloyd should stimulate upward communication at City Fresh Foods by having a suggestion system. The employees that are performing the day-to-day operations are best to give suggestion on how to do something better. Just because they have a language barrier doesn’t mean that the processes cannot be Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 2 achieved more efficiently or a practice from their culture could make the process better. As stated on page 312, â€Å"can be a wellspring of good ideas†. Glynn Lloyd by his openness of different cultural working together for one common purpose would benefit and seem open to the idea. Lloyd seems to have the ability to multi-task and a business sense to provide feedback if not immediate to surveys taken by his employees. How would you rate Glynn Lloyd as a listener? Explain. I would rate Glynn Lloyd as a good listener, though this case does not go into details or have examples it demonstrated through the different ways in which he communicates to the employees that all the components are there to being a good listener. Lloyd knew the 40 hour classes to teach English was not working so he adopted along with his managers of ways the multicultural employees could learn. Lloyd states, â€Å"They can talk to each other in whatever language they want† because the employees are not exclusive talking English during work. As an incentive to being in management it’s required to know English, this incentive by City Fresh to contribute up to $1,000 per person and $12,000 a year for education is huge. Lloyd makes it worthwhile for his employees to strive for success and that comes from listening to what the employees want. How comfortable would you be managing this type of multicultural organization? Explain. For me, I would not be comfortable with managing this type of multicultural organization. There are too many different languages and cultures to try to learn. I’m a person that requires immediate feedback, I would lose patients with getting a translator to encode, decode to the employees and wait to see if they understand what I need from them. I know that the future according to this case that â€Å"immigrants will account for nearly two-thirds of the country’s population growth between now and 2050† (p. 236), so in Closing Case: Found in  Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 3 order for me to relevant and be active in my community I better find a way to adapt and learn other languages and understand different cultures. Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 4 References Kreitner, R. (2009). International Management and Cross-Cultural competence. (11th ed.). Management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Project Management 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Project Management 4 - Essay Example The seventh element involves determining those people who will be used to deliver the message to the intended audience. The eighth element focuses at computation of funds that might be needed to ensure that there is proper implementation of the project plan. The final element involves evaluation of the communication plan to see if the goals and objectives have been realized (United Nations, 2007). The major audience to be involved in the communication plan includes evaluators who may help to assess the effectiveness of communication plan. Some of the information shared with this audience are message to be channeled, communication channels to be used and as amount of financial required to channel the message. The mechanism to be used in pussing urgent information includes online channels. For example emails’ and phone calls while less urgent and useful information may be passed via letters (Mobley, 2005). In addition, the information between employees and organization will be shared on daily basis to ensure smooth learning of the organization. In case the communication turns not to be ineffective the message may be adjusted. In addition, a different channel may be utilized. Some of the technologies that may be used include utilization of organization website, smart phones to mention just but a few. Finally, communication becomes an ethical/legal issue at a point where s ecurity and privacy of the information passed must be observed (Taylor & Dow,

Hummen Resourse Mangment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hummen Resourse Mangment - Research Paper Example to deliver the right quantity of people with appropriate behaviors, the required competencies and the feasible degree of motivations to the organizations (Becker & Huselid, 2006). The concept is called strategic instead of just human resource management because it makes use of the strategies through which the performance of the business organization can be improved to a greater extent, and thus an environment of innovation and flexibility can be created among the employees in an organization. It tends to connect human resource with strategic objectives of the company so that the performance can be enhanced. The term ‘strategic’ helps in building ‘sustainable competitive advantage’ that helps the company to generate above average financial performance consistently. It is to be remembered that for this to take place it becomes significant for the HR department to be forward-thinking. In addition to this, the HR strategies need to run consistently as one of the main elements of the overall business plan (Becker & Huselid, 2006). Human resource development (HRD) function is considered as one of the vital functions of the human resource management. Each and every organization has the accountability to develop its human resources in order to remain operational and grow further. In the modern times, human resource development function is considered as an ideal and crucial task for any organization. The survival and growth of a company significantly depend upon the human resource development function. The main objective of the human resource development function is to enhance the performance of the organization by improving the performance of the employees working with the company. HRD tends to rest in a context which is dynamic by its nature. It receives tremendous demands from the varied aspects including globalization of the business, involvement of the government and consumers’ expectations, competition, deregulations, and unstable political, social,

My Writing Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My Writing Skills - Essay Example I am well aware that attaining higher education requires a lot of writing. Although I never experienced writing before in a higher level other than those required in school, such requirement does not present itself to me as something I have to far but a challenge that I must face. I may not be very good with my communication skills both orally or in the written form but I believe that such is the very thing I need for me to improve my communication skills. I have always feared having written reports because I know I am not good in articulating the things I really want to express but then I now see the mistakes I have committed. Running away from such responsibilities are not helping me at all. I refused to learn by doing the things I needed to do so now I would like to do my own papers so I could improve on my writing skills. I believe there is a wide room for me to improve myself so I am changing my way of thinking and my attitude towards writing. I think writing, like any other tas k is perfected only by practicing it though I must admit that I would need to work harder than my fellow students. One of the things I think would help me in my writing is to read a lot and listen intently to native speakers on how they express themselves through words so that I would be able to increase my vocabulary as well.

Richard Branson Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Richard Branson - Research Paper Example to reduce risk in their business choices. There are also leaders who do not follow existing leadership practices; rather, they develop their own leadership style avoiding to be influenced by the traditional perceptions on leader’s role. Such case is Richard Branson, the founder and Chairman of Virgin Group. Since the establishment of his first enterprise, the Virgin Records in 1972, Richard Branson has been made popular for his style of leadership, which is considered to be unique. The aspects of the leadership style of Richard Branson are analyzed below. It is made clear that the success of Virgin Group is not related only to the carefully planned strategies on which its activities are based but mainly to the leadership style of Richard Branson. The management practices of Richard Branson have become a valuable example for leaders worldwide; in fact, it is primarily the entrance of Richard Branson in the business sector that has proved his capabilities and skills as a charism atic leader. In his first involvement in business activities, Richard Branson did not show signs of a strong willingness for success; maybe it was exactly this fact that led to his differentiation from other entrepreneurs worldwide who focus only on the profit. Even now, Richard Branson supports that there are many values and interests in life and the achievement of profits should not be a priority (Dearlove 2010). The entrance of Richard Branson in the business sector can be identified in 1971 – when the first Virgin Record store was established in order to respond to the relevant needs of students (Murray, Poole and Jones 167) – before this initiative Richard Branson has been involved in the publication of ‘a magazine for students’ (Murray, Poole and Jones 167). Because at that period the trends of the market regarding the buying of records were rather negative, Richard Branson introduced certain strategies aiming to attract the attention of young people ; free coffee and extremely friendly environment were the two main parts of Branson’s strategy in order to attract customers (Murray, Poole and Jones 167). The above strategies had positive results; indeed, the company managed to achieve an important growth proving Branson’s capabilities to establish a successful enterprise in a market sector, which was underdeveloped. One of the most important characteristics of Richard Branson as a leader is his ability to handle crises. This fact was revealed in the crash of one of the firm’s highspeed trains in Northern England, in 2007 (Reuters, February 24, 2007). The investigation developed by the local authorities revealed that Virgin could not be held responsible for the crash since the accident was caused because of a faulty track (Reuters, 2007). During the period that the case was under examination, Richard Branson had to face a strong criticism regarding the measures taken for the safety of Virgin trains. This issue is analyzed in the study of Regester & Larkin (2008); reference is made to the exceptional ability of Richard Branson to cover all issues highlighted by the journalists; in fact, the day of the crash Richard Branson was in holidays and he returned immediately in order to check the situation closely. The media welcomed the specific initiative noting that ‘even the chief executives avoid being involved personally in cases of crises’